We began our drive at 6:50 the next morning. By 8:45 we were in John O’Groats boarding a ferry to the Orkneys. During the 40-minute crossing (very calm seas, but very foggy) we saw lots of sea birds—puffins, gannets, oyster catchers, sea gulls—and a dolphin! We opted for a bus tour of the Orkneys. The driver was very entertaining, and we learned many interesting things. For example, the Orkneys are made up of more than 60 islands, but only 16 are inhabited. There are four causeways built to join islands and to discourage foreign ships from entering the main body of water in the middle of the Orkney’s—Scapa Flow. These “Churchill Barriers” were built by Italian prisoners of war. They loaded tonnes of rock into the water and topped them with huge concrete blocks. Scapa Flow was used as a staging ground for the entire British fleet during WW2. Soldiers built aerodromes and excellent roads that made the islands more accessible. Before the barriers were built, the British sunk old ships to be used as “blockers” so German U-boats couldn’t enter Scapa Flow and threaten the fleet. However, on October 31, 1939, a U-boat managed to negotiate a passage between some blockers and enter the Flow. Fortunately, the majority of the fleet had left the day before. One battleship remained: the Royal Oak. The U-boat sent four torpedoes into her and she sunk almost immediately killing 833 soldiers asleep on board. The U-boat escaped and the German captain received a medal for his actions. Also in Scapa Flow at the end of WW1, 74 German warships were being held as spoils of war. Rather than letting the British take them, the German commanders intentionally scuttled them. They were later refloated and used for scrap metal. We also visited Skafa Brae, the best preserved group of prehistoric houses in Western Europe dating from 5000 BC. Did you know that there are virtually no trees in the Orkneys? This is because the winds are often hurricane force, and trees cannot withstand them. When the Churchill Barriers were constructed, local fisherman could no longer get out to the North Sea and North Atlantic, so they had to choose a different profession. They chose chicken farming, and made a great success of it. But in 1952 a storm hit the Orkneys packing winds strong enough to blow all the chickens into the sea! The chicken farmers became sheep and beef farmers. Farming and tourism are the major industries in the Orkneys today. Anyway, there`s far too much to say, so I`ll stop now! I highly recommend a visit there!
Only one week of holidays to go and then home again!
very cool!
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